请教简单的ANSYS接触问题
为弄清ANSYS接触分析中的基本概念问题,做了一个简单的摩擦接触问题,就是以前物理课本中见到的在地面上推箱子的问题。由于是第一次做接触分析,这个例子不是想得到什么结论,而是弄清接触分析的基本过程和基本设置以及基本的概念。
一、问题描述
所建的有限元模型如下图所示(命令附后),进行的二维平面接触分析。上面是一个块状物体,下面一条线代表地面,给定块体的弹性模量、泊松比、密度、摩擦系数(MP, MU,1,0.1),则二者之间的摩擦力为f=MU*G=3920N(G为块体的重量)。
开始的打算是在图示节点8处施加水平推力,模拟块体的翻转,将块体和地面接触设置为Rough(KEYOPT(12)=1),但出现很多错误,先暂时放弃了。
由于块体的参数是按正常的参数设置的,而地基(线5)设置为没赋参数,按刚性处理,因此这是一个rigid-flexible接触。于是,把线5设置为目标面,块体的最下面先2设置为接触面。
于是就在图示节点1处施加了水平推力,施加的推力大小考虑了两种情况,大于3920N和小于3920N。但都出现如下的一些错误信息:
1,*** WARNING *** CP = 2.480 TIME= 11:18:18
Pivoting option activated for Sparse Direct Solver. The memory required may greatly exceed predicted amount. In that event rerun with increased memory using -m option (refer to the Basic Analysis Procedures Guide, Ch. 19).
2,*** ERROR *** CP = 2.574 TIME= 11:18:18
The value of UX at node 8 is 98883893.6. It is greater than the current limit of 1000000. This generally indicates rigid body motion as a result of an unconstrained model. Verify that your model is properly constrained.
3,*** ERROR *** CP = 2.668 TIME= 11:18:20
*** MESSAGE CONTINUATION ---- DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION ***
If one or more parts of the model are held together only by contact verify that the contact surfaces are closed. You can check contact status in the SOLUTION module for the converged solutions using CNCHECK.
4,*** ERROR *** CP = 2.714 TIME= 11:18:21
*** MESSAGE CONTINUATION ---- DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION ***
Rigid body motion can also occur when net section yielding has occurred resulting in large displacements for small increments of load or when buckling has occurred. You can plot the time history curve for node 8 in the UX direction to check for stiffness (slope of the curve) approaching zero.
现在将我的一些疑问列出,请指点:
1,对于上述的第二点,是提示检查模型的约束情况,这也是我一直纳闷的。在接触分析中,约束是施加在目标面还是接触面上?如果施加了约束,比如这个模型,我把位于块体的接触面约束了的话,接触好像就失效了,所以没施加在接触单元上。仅将目标单元约束了,但我看到的接触分析的例子约束一般是施加在接触单元上,而不是目标单元上(由于模型简单,就没有用导航点功能);
2,对于上述第三点,我用命令CNCHECK,DETAIL进行了检查,得到了如下的信息(删除了部分),显示我接触对初始是闭合的;
*** NOTE *** CP = 10.436 TIME= 11:40:28
Internal nodes from 18 to 21 are created.
4 internal nodes are used for 18x elements with mixed formulation.
*** NOTE *** CP = 10.436 TIME= 11:40:28
Rigid-deformable contact pair identified by real constant set 1 and
contact element type 3 has been set up. Please verify constraints on
target nodes which may be automatically fixed by ANSYS.
Contact algorithm: Augmented Lagrange method
Contact detection at: Gauss integration point
Default contact stiffness factor FKN 1.0000
The resulting contact stiffness 0.11280E+13
Default penetration tolerance factor FTOLN 0.10000
The resulting penetration tolerance 0.50000E-01
Max. initial friction coefficient MU 0.10000
Default tangent stiffness factor FKT 1.0000
Default elastic slip factor SLTOL 0.10000E-01
The resulting elastic slip 0.50000E-02
Update contact stiffness for each sub-load step
Default Max. friction stress TAUMAX 0.10000E+21
Average contact surface length 0.50000
Average contact pair depth 0.50000
Default pinball region factor PINB 3.0000
The resulting pinball region 1.5000
Automatic initial closure factor ICONT 0.10000E-02
The resulting initial contact closure 0.50000E-03
*WARNING*: Automatic adjustment can cause severe discontinuity
*WARNING*: Initial penetration is included.
*** NOTE *** CP = 10.436 TIME= 11:40:28
Max. Initial penetration 0 was detected between contact element 10 and target element 9.
****************************************
1 CONTACT PAIR IS SELECTED
CONTACT PAIR HAVING REAL ID = 1 IS INITIALLY CLOSED
3,上述第四点提示可能有刚体运动,我也觉得有刚体运动,这其实和上述第二点约束情况有关,如果约束解决了,这点提到的刚体运动也就解决了。
4,最后关于个人的一点疑惑,或许是很外行的一个问题:接触分析中到底是target单元去靠近contact单元还是contact单元去靠近target单元?其中应该是有一个面趋向于另一个面吧?
另外,由于是一个基本的摩擦接触问题,我也尝试着修改了conta171单元的实常数:TAUMAX (Default Max. friction stress 0.10000E+21),将其设置为0 ,即仅通过库伦摩擦力还分析这个问题,但还是没成功。
还请大侠抽点时间,把这个简单接触问题帮我理顺,使之能简单计算,主要是看一些设置、约束情况等。
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